"df" Command

Learn all about df command

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df - report file system disk space usage

df displays the amount of disk space available on the file system containing each file name as an argument.If no file name is given, then space available on all currently mounted file systems is shown.

root:~# man df

A sample output from df command is as follows:

root:~# df
Filesystem     1K-blocks     Used Available Use% Mounted on
udev            16370400        0  16370400   0% /dev
tmpfs            3276792      332   3276460   1% /run
/dev/sda2        4161216  3410480    541024  87% /
tmpfs               5120        0      5120   0% /run/lock
tmpfs            7392440        0   7392440   0% /run/shm
/dev/sda1        6192704   667824   5210308  12% /var
cgroup          16383948        0  16383948   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

Example-1

1.1 Display Information of all the File systems --all (-a)

The output will be same as above, but it also displays information of dummy file systems along with all the file system disk usage and their memory utilization.

root:~# df -a
Filesystem     1K-blocks     Used Available Use% Mounted on
sysfs                  0        0         0    - /sys
proc                   0        0         0    - /proc
udev            16370400        0  16370400   0% /dev
devpts                 0        0         0    - /dev/pts
tmpfs            3276792      332   3276460   1% /run
/dev/sda2        4161216  3410480    541024  87% /
tmpfs               5120        0      5120   0% /run/lock
tmpfs            7392440        0   7392440   0% /run/shm
/dev/sda1        6192704   667844   5210288  12% /var
cgroup          16383948        0  16383948   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

1.2 Display with Different Memory Block Size --block-size=SIZE (-B SIZE)

In Above Example 1.1, the 2^nd column gives the memory of file system in blocks of 1K ( Check Header ). By using following option this can be changed.

root:~# df -B 10
Filesystem      10B-blocks       Used   Available Use% Mounted on
udev            1676328960          0  1676328960   0% /dev
tmpfs            335543501      33997   335509504   1% /run
/dev/sda2        426108519  349233152    55400858  87% /
tmpfs               524288          0      524288   0% /run/lock
tmpfs            756985856          0   756985856   0% /run/shm
/dev/sda1        634132890   68390912   533529805  12% /var
cgroup          1677716276          0  1677716276   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

Example-2

2.1 Show Usage in human readable format --human-readable (-h)

root:~# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev             16G     0   16G   0% /dev
tmpfs           3.2G  332K  3.2G   1% /run
/dev/sda2       4.0G  3.3G  529M  87% /
tmpfs           5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
tmpfs           7.1G     0  7.1G   0% /run/shm
/dev/sda1       6.0G  653M  5.0G  12% /var
cgroup           16G     0   16G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

2.2 Display Grand Total in the output --total

root:~# df -h --total
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev             16G     0   16G   0% /dev
tmpfs           3.2G  332K  3.2G   1% /run
/dev/sda2       4.0G  3.3G  529M  87% /
tmpfs           5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
tmpfs           7.1G     0  7.1G   0% /run/shm
/dev/sda1       6.0G  653M  5.0G  12% /var
cgroup           16G     0   16G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
total            52G  3.9G   47G   8% -

Example-3

3.1 Display Inodes --inodes (-i)

Till now df always prints the information about percentage of disk space Block usage. but user can print usage of inode information instead of block usage.

root:~# df -i
Filesystem      Inodes  IUsed   IFree IUse% Mounted on
udev           4092600   1495 4091105    1% /dev
tmpfs          4095987    909 4095078    1% /run
/dev/sda2       262144 100220  161924   39% /
tmpfs          4095987      3 4095984    1% /run/lock
tmpfs          4095987      2 4095985    1% /run/shm
/dev/sda1       393216   6728  386488    2% /var
cgroup         4095987     10 4095977    1% /sys/fs/cgroup

3.2 Display Type of File System

root:~# df -T
Filesystem     Type     1K-blocks    Used Available Use% Mounted on
udev           devtmpfs  16370400       0  16370400   0% /dev
tmpfs          tmpfs      3276792     332   3276460   1% /run
/dev/sda2      ext2       4161216 3410480    541024  87% /
tmpfs          tmpfs         5120       0      5120   0% /run/lock
tmpfs          tmpfs      7392440       0   7392440   0% /run/shm
/dev/sda1      ext4       6192704  668000   5210132  12% /var
cgroup         tmpfs     16383948       0  16383948   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

Example-4

4.1 Include Only Certain File Systems --type=TYPE (-t TYPE)

Here user is interested in ext2/ext4 file system only.

root:~# df -t ext2 -t ext4 -T
Filesystem     Type 1K-blocks     Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2      ext2   4161216  3410480    541024  87% /
/dev/sda1      ext4   6192704   668024   5210108  12% /var

4.2 Exclude Certain File Systems --exclude-type=TYPE (-x TYPE)

root:~# df -x ext2 -x ext4 -T
Filesystem     Type     1K-blocks  Used Available Use% Mounted on
udev           devtmpfs  16370400     0  16370400   0% /dev
tmpfs          tmpfs      3276792   332   3276460   1% /run
tmpfs          tmpfs         5120     0      5120   0% /run/lock
tmpfs          tmpfs      7392440     0   7392440   0% /run/shm
cgroup         tmpfs     16383948     0  16383948   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

Example-5

5.1 Display Only local file systems --local (-l)

One Machine's file systems can be mounted on other systems as well but if user is interested in getting information on local system only then -l can be used.

root:~# df -h -l
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev             16G     0   16G   0% /dev
tmpfs           3.2G  332K  3.2G   1% /run
/dev/sda2       4.0G  3.3G  529M  87% /
tmpfs           5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
tmpfs           7.1G     0  7.1G   0% /run/shm
/dev/sda1       6.0G  653M  5.0G  12% /var
cgroup           16G     0   16G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

5.2 Display Information in Bytes (-k)/ in MB (-m)

To display all file system information and usage in 1024-byte blocks, use the option -k (--block-size=1K) as follows.

root:~# df -k
Filesystem     1K-blocks    Used Available Use% Mounted on
udev            16370400       0  16370400   0% /dev
tmpfs            3276792     332   3276460   1% /run
/dev/sda2        4161216 3410480    541024  87% /
tmpfs               5120       0      5120   0% /run/lock
tmpfs            7392440       0   7392440   0% /run/shm
/dev/sda1        6192704  667956   5210176  12% /var
cgroup          16383948       0  16383948   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

To display information of all file system usage in MB (Mega Byte) use the option as (-m).

root:~# df -m
Filesystem     1M-blocks  Used Available Use% Mounted on
udev               15987     0     15987   0% /dev
tmpfs               3200     1      3200   1% /run
/dev/sda2           4064  3331       529  87% /
tmpfs                  5     0         5   0% /run/lock
tmpfs               7220     0      7220   0% /run/shm
/dev/sda1           6048   653      5089  12% /var
cgroup             16000     0     16000   0% /sys/fs/cgroup